I find this interaction to be strange, Disney is interacting with post-socialist China on political and economic grounds. Please try again later. In most cases, the merger brings advantages such as lower cost of production, better management team, and increased market share but they can also cause job losses and bankruptcy. It is one of the globals leading manufacturers and providers of entertainment. The Walt Disney company does not only have an immense amount of economic power on the American entertainment industry and popular culture, but they have acquired influence across the world. Some even doubted the suitability of Eisners management style since Disney had grown very big over the. As a result, Pixar has produced 8 blockbuster movies in the following 13 years. Culture clash in an organization create stress among the employees,it increases the turnover in the organization and reduces the performance of the companies refer appendix. A vertical merger can help boost profitability, expand the market, and reduce costs. In this case study, we will investigate Walt Disney's acquisition of Pixar Animation Studios and analyse the relationship that would lead to tremendous success. WebThe case is that if Walt Disney has such technological limitations, then why not acquire a company like Pixar which is skilled at 3D computer graphics? It of course requires a transformational leader who can clearly ensure that organizational structures are formulated as per revised strategies. This market structure is similar to monopoly, except that instead of one firm, two or more firms have control in the market. After discussions between Pixar and Disney did not get resolved. Walt Disney's large size gives it many advantages, such as a large human resource base, many qualified managers and a large amount of funds. This is just a sample partial case solution. endstream Prices dropped - now starting at just $8 per page! The possible reasons for the merger 1. February 2020. Mergers can cause bankruptcy, job losses, less choices, and even a breakup. The main reason for the merger between Disney and Pixar was for Walt Disney to acquire and use the modern animation technology of Pixar to expand its reach in the market, whereas Pixar was now able to use Walt Disney's vast distribution network and funds. So the two companies merged through a vertical merger. two or more companies that are involved in the same finished product lineup at different stages of production merge. WebThe merger amongst Disney and Pixar was an extremely effective one. This would make both Walt Disney and Pixar companies have a stronger position in the market. Eisner was replaced by Bob Iger in 2005, and this was good news for Pixar. 2612 Being partners for more than a decade, Disney and Pixar eventually merged, after a number of unsuccessful attempts. Toy Story, A Bugs life, Cars). At the same time, the leader is the person who drives growth especially post merger situations for a firm to soar ahead by evading competition (Bratianu & Anagnoste, 2011). Before, the merger Disney and Pixar collaborated in various contracts together. Test your knowledge with gamified quizzes. What type of merger were Disney and Pixar? -In 1928, Disney came up with the idea of a mouse character named Mickey Mouse and starred in several Disney produced films. This article is an excerpt from the Shortform book guide to "Creativity, Inc." by Ed Catmull. Everything you need for your studies in one place. The acquisition of Pixar will save the search and information cost, bargaining and decision costs, and policing and reinforcement cost incurs if Disney chooses to make long term contract. The role of transformational leadership in mergers and acquisitions in emergent economies. It became the world's first computer-generated movie. In 1955, Disney took his company in a different direction and founded the Walt Disneyland theme park. In 2006, Pixar merged with the Walt Disney Company. In fact, Pixar was given a free hand to such an extent that John Lasseter from Pixar after becoming the creative chief at Disney replaced Sanders, the original director of the movie Bolt; who had resisted the changes he proposed5. With a gross profit of $5,893,256,747. Harvard Business Case Study: 1. Both of those films served as a political compromise and a marketing opportunity for Disney to gain a foot hold in the Chinese market. (Ngu. Title: 11521-DOI-Generic-ColoringSheet Created Date: 9/16/2014 2:25:25 PM, Disney/PixarDisney/Pixar Dettagli da Mostro: 3 Disney/Pixar LIBRETTO ATTIVIT MONSTERS & co CREA E CIOCA P[XAR EONSTERS co, Per te da shop PIXAR MONSTERS a co. LA CITT, 2016 Disney/Pixar PIXAR 02016 Disney/Pixar 2016 Disney/Pixar PIXAR 02016 Disney/Pixar 2016 Disney/Pixar O 2016 Disney/Pixar 77'5'5 9LOZO 2016 Disney/Pixar 9LOZO, DISNEYPIXARdisneypixar. There are three types of competitive advantage. Market Structure - Oligopoly https://www.nytimes.com/2006/01/25/business/disney-agrees-to-acquire-pixar-in-a-74-billion-deal.html. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The value and performance of the Disney and Pixar merger have been very successful because they have made large profits. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Disney Pixar Case Study: Creativity and Efficiency. "Example Of The Disney Pixar Merger Case Study." when Disney and Pixar merged and made films, such as Toy Story and Cars, was it huge hits with consumers? Before the merger took place, Disney was caught in a conundrum. x[}WC8(x4DyQ[3^lQjY\v9lH@Coyo(o1ESDqjd~4Cb~0o8JspQQQqe"&p0/kk{.WWaWqwg\\x ^dt3s{ ?gxdn{Dou&jp2CCf+s2") &bir!1sX"Ib\qk>B?'qiG|OTxwo|xo.~vI7>#a&37+{}-;+t_ |nD( VqTYa:ueLlwTD0|yP4iP{ [W A~@!J|.2Owc:T\)Ier6#4bSYH$P+t=5\F,i\^\HG)iq==rhHfcdg#'k>Be,jo!Xk ]dAbgGmk5;T@zU k2\| Pbc;&SCnt @)Yg@q4eTdec,KL*a`n;cK =VpGg,Stl$` *=RO%Jm(2`U?5 x KTz@iTuU)awUsh @-`~?t`e)]hHOv2A'*,#B la5 Q"o0VW{@GLsEUu"3^Q*cv,8'{3t6VJ1.VT@S5F ]m_1K^ko}2D&k!xmShUto|zkI,. WebDisney and Pixar are both giants in their own field but form different parts of the value chain. 4.0,` 3p H.Hi@A> This Disney Pixar case study explores how the Pixar management strategies helped revive the flailing Disney Animation Studios. Both Disney and Pixar retained their current location and operations. Since the acquisition, Disney-Pixar has plans to release movies twice a year as Pixar has the technology to help do so. StudySmarter is commited to creating, free, high quality explainations, opening education to all. Conclusion The merger between Disney and Pixar is one of the most famous mergers that have taken place in the entertainment industry. This has also benefited Pixar as Disney has given large amounts of funding for their studios so they can create these films and use Disney's name to reach a larger audience, resulting in a synergy. [ /ICCBased 9 0 R ] Guests under 18 years of age must have parent or guardian permission to call. As a result of the merger, Disney and Pixar were able to capitalize on the potential of Pixar to create a brand-new generation of animated movies for Disney. To maximize the profitability of their films, Pixar focused on creating sequels and direct DVD movies. << /Length 5 0 R /Filter /FlateDecode >> A cultural clash between the Walt Disney and Pixar was involved. To learn more about the internal environment of an organization, take a look at our explanations on human resource management. Moreover, it would eradicate the difficulty of impending to contracts about creation and circulation cost. Disneys fortunes started to turn around ever since Eisner took the helm of the company. Another factor behind the successful merger of Disney Pixar is that these are related business enterprises and both of them have developed animated films. Pixar started its career as a computer-animated movie production company. They needed to find a way to attract and retain a creative group of artists that would help them become a successful company. Pixar had the culture of considering the script first, rest the creativity was in their culture. Companies' negotiation contributed enormously to the success of Disney-Pixar merger. << /Length 13 0 R /Filter /FlateDecode >> Will Pixar's freedom and creativity fit with Walt Disney's corporate governance, or will it do more harm than good? Her favorite genres are memoirs, public health, and locked room mysteries. It can be said that Disney is one of the best-known companies or brands in the worlds and covers a wide range of markets from films to television programs, to merchandise and publishing not to mention the theme parks. And Disney would be left with no other option but to deal with another company which would have more cultural clashes as compared to Pixar. The Walt Disney Company, was a dream of the most famous name in the animation industry and the creator of Mickey Mouse, Walt Elias Disney and now the company has estimated net worth of an about 36 billion dollars. 5 0 obj Create flashcards in notes completely automatically. WebPixar wanted control and ownership over the movies it created along with entitlement to more revenues from its products. Required fields are marked *. ID The merger of Walt Disney and Pixar was among the most successful corporate transactions in recent years. Most people think that you have to be rich and have lots of money to become an entrepenur, but many people start off with nothing at all, that was the case with Walt Disney. Verma, R. & Verma. As an attorney, Rina cant help analyzing and deconstructing arguments in any book she reads. stream Home >> Harvard Case Study Analysis Solutions >> Disney And Pixar. The relationship began in the post-Cold War era when Disney produced films reflecting the Chinese way of life, like Kundun and Mulan (Hongmei). Managing Conflict In 2005, Jobs told Catmull and Lasseter that he was considering selling Pixar to Disney. WowEssays. Our project will examine the partnership agreement between Disney and Pixar and the incidents that led to the break-up of ties. At the time Jobs and the CEO of Disney, Michael Eisner were at odds, which made this already a challenging situation. There is a reason his businesses have continued to flourish, and to this day, have never wavered in their success. 2016 Disney/Pixar 2016 Disney/Pixar 2016 Disney/Pixar 2016, DISNEY / PIXAR LUNCH SERIES SPACE MOON DISNEY / PIXAR, Disney. How many films did Disney agree to make with Pixar in the space of 10 years? The transaction cost theory refers to the costs that provide some goods or services through the market, by carrying out the transactions that the company wants to deal with. It was mainly due to the companies' negotiations. In what ways is Disney's acquisition of Pixar an example of vertical integration? Introduction: One of the most successful mergers is the merger of Disney and Pixar. Please answer the following question: What would the benefits be (from Disney's perspective) for Disney to. A merger is the combining of assets and operations, usually between two similar sized companies, in an agreement to join together. For Walt Disney World dining, please book your reservation online. Horizontal mergers are more common in industries with fewer firms, as the potential benefit of merging increases with the elimination of competition. It can be said that Disney is one of the best-known companies or brands in the worlds and covers a wide range of markets from films to television programs, to merchandise and publishing not to mention the theme parks. This is also evidenced by the revenue generated from the movies made together by both Disney and Pixar. Employees of Disney started hating him because of his cost-cutting, stubborn, and selfish methods. This report is about my understanding of two case studies presented. While the initial intent was to resolve the political differences, the negotiations and conflicts soon shifted to an economic opportunity. As we know that if Disney does not renew the contract or acquire Pixar then it would create troubles for Disney. Mergers and Acquisitions OGWyw}2P'c[9Yx How was Ed Catmull able to apply his management strategies from Pixar to Disney Animation Studios? While the initial intent was to resolve the political differences, the negotiations and conflicts soon shifted to an economic opportunity. This would go on to be a very good decision as the park made lots of money and the company spread to Florida where it created Disneyworld. Purchasers for the producer business allude to film distributors, like, Disney. E6S2)212 "l+&Y4P%\%g|eTI (L 0_&l2E 9r9h xgIbifSb1+MxL0oE%YmhYh~S=zU&AYl/ $ZU m@O l^'lsk.+7o9V;?#I3eEKDd9i,UQ h6'~khu_ }9PIo= C#$n?z}[1 The company has recorded that one quarter of the 45 billion dollars Disney makes annually comes for the international market (Hongmei). These transaction costs will only arrive when the company opts to sign a new contract or renew it due to the upgrading of technologies. Ho was not only the pioneer of animation, but he has built two multi-million dollar theme parks, that many people today enjoy and come from all over the world to see. The merger of Walt Disney and Pixar was among the most successful corporate transactions in recent years. The employees werent forced to sign any employment contract. Investors saw the potential of the computer-animated character to be used in Disney's vast network market. The mantra behind every merger and acquisition is: bigger is better. This report presents an analysis of The Walt Disney Company. WebThe Disney-Pixar Case Study Given our belief that Third Space skills map to creative industries, a good case study of how rms have used Third Space skills to manage these skills is the Walt Disney acquisition of Pixar in 2006 for $7.3 billion. Introduction Identify your study strength and weaknesses. Both of those films served as a political compromise and a marketing opportunity for Disney to gain a foot hold in the Chinese market. Also the merger with Toshiba will help Panasonic to diversify markets and also distribute a wide range of products. Due to the company's unique and innovative approach, they have been able to stand out from the rest of the industry. Since it was founded in 1923, Walt Disney Company has become a world-famous entertainment and media company, and its turnover brings it to the second place among global media companies (after Time Warner). They cooperated in the past, and their agreement was pursuing out the arrival of Cars. Copyright 2022 IPL.org All rights reserved. of the users don't pass the Disney Pixar Merger Case Study quiz! The main purpose of the case is to learn by analysing real time examples and to apply the Walt Disney and Pixar also developed other successful films together such as Toy Story and The Incredibles. From the financial point of view, amalgamation would enlarge the stock price of Disney's. The merger of Disney and Pixar is based on two alliances. That means a global corporation, that began in and reflects the United States is negotiating with a nation. The purpose of this report is to discuss the two firms respective situations at the time of The merger of Walt Disney and Pixar was among the most successful corporate transactions in recent years. WebThe merger of Disney and Pixar has resulted in greater creative output. Their in-house creativity is the reason why they can create such innovative films. Investment Banking Report who was the first to be an investor in Pixar? For reference, from 2000-2005, Disney Animation Studios theatrical releases had an average score of less than 70% on Rotten Tomatoes. The merger would permit the organizations to cooperate helpfully. The acquisition of ABC network was challenging for Disney. Walt Disney purchased Pixar company in 2006 for approximately $7.4 billion. It was at this juncture of extreme crisis - when Disney was even facing hostile takeovers - that Eisner takes the charge of the company. << /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] /ColorSpace << /Cs1 7 0 R >> /Font << /TT1 8 0 R Disney California Adventure Park Boardwalk Pizza and Pasta. 1 Overview of Company Although many mergers fail, they can also be successful. Type of paper: 6 0 obj Pixar came in and created eye-catching animated movies that were under the Disney name. Ousted Disney chief executive Bob Chapek is set to receive a hefty paycheck following his exit. Toshiba is a Japanese electronics and engineering organization with its head office in Tokyo. However, investors were worried that the acquisition would threaten the Disney movie culture. Katerina. Yip and Hult (2012) define globalization as a business operating in all four hemispheres. Sign up for a free trial here . The largest shareholder of Marvel was Isaac Ike Perlmutter and after the merging he became the second largest shareholder of the Disney Corporation. WebCase study Subject : Merger of Pixar Animation Studios with the Walt Disney Company Merger Period : In Jan 2006 Walt Disney agreed to buy PIXAR for $7.4 Billion History Pixar was founded as the Graphics Group, one third of the Computer Division of Lucasfilm that was launched in 1979 with the hiring of Edwin Catmull from the New York Institute of The Disney- Pixar merger again only solidified their ability to compete in the industry and continue to benefit the society. Through the merger, Disney would own the world's foremost computer animation studio and its enormous talent pool, while Pixar would have access to Disney's extensive marketing abilities. WebAnalysis The merger between Disney and Pixar generated both positive and negative implications for the company culture. In 1991, Walt Disney and Pixar Animation Studios established a relationship that would lead to tremendous success. zDp\%m7+:yu^M}\c],Y-{GAF#z8vZb\)J&1ZiS+c\sK1S^E,xJoF"N9fI8W)J~, endobj WowEssays, Feb 01, 2020. However, this also posed a problem, as Disney had lost its animation culture. endobj Student Names and Numbers In 1929, The character of mickey mouse featured on a childrens pencil tablet that were producing by a man who made a deal with Walt to get the right of mickey mouse on these tablets for 300 dollars. And good ideas are always welcomed. As it is stated in the case that it takes ten years to merge two different cultures, now therenewal of the contract needs to be successful because merging two different cultures require time and efforts. One of the success factors behind successful mergers is the element of time. Issues transpired when Disney wanted to own all story, and sequel rights. A good example of this is the interaction and relationship between Disney and the Chinese government. The firm initially sold lamp sockets and has since grown to manufacture semiconductors and televisions. The design of the parks transformed how theme parks would be set up for years to come. So, it is important for the companies to integrate the organizational culture and also to consider the employees response to the merger and acquisition. The merger and acquisition is not only Pixars primary directors joined Disneys board thus paving the way for transformational leadership, giving employees a chance to grow and providing them a sense of direction. Rina reads around 100 books every year, with a fairly even split between fiction and non-fiction. In this case, both firms would share knowledge and competencies from each other and would widely benefit from their own global networks. This shows that Walt Disney refused to give credit to any of the other employees that contributed to the film. Most mergers can be highly risky but with the presence of knowledge and intuition they can be successful. Disney purchased Pixar in 2006 for approximately $ 7.4 billion and as of July 2019, Disney Pixar feature films have earned approximately $ 14 billion at the worldwide box office, with an average worldwide gross of $ 680 million per film. Its due to its ability to change and manipulate its marketing strategies that allow Disney to appeal to its market. Lesson time 24:55 min. The success of Pixar Animation can be attributed to its unique and distinctive way of creating characters and storylines. Please place the order on the website to order your own originally done case solution. For instance, Walt Disney purchased Pixar for $7.4 billion in 2006 (Monica, 2006). It is causing a lot of controversies in the workplace, especially within the Disney Consumer Products division (DCP). Ioanna Panayiotou - Walt Disney seeking to develop and improve the most innovation, creative and productive entertainment experiences and associated products in the world. The role of contextual variables in success post-merger integration: a review and future directions. In the beginning, Disney and Pixar worked together prior to the merger in 2006 on many projects such as Toy Story, in 1991. What type of merger was Disney and Pixar? Set individual study goals and earn points reaching them. The merger of Disney and Pixar took place in 2006 when Disney bought the Pixar company. Shortform has the world's best summaries and analyses of books you should be reading. WebDisney+ is the ultimate streaming destination for entertainment from Disney, Pixar, Marvel, Star Wars, and National Geographic. A vertical merger is the merge of two or more companies that provide different supply chain functions for the same good or service. Mergers and Acquisitions This is also evidenced by the requirement that every new employee spends ten weeks at Pixar University. WebTaking Giant Swings: Pixar Acquisition Case Study Bob Iger Lesson time 24:55 min Bob breaks down the acquisition of Pixar, including his strategy to convince Steve Jobsthe head of Pixarand the Disney board. To learn more about the role of organizational culture have a look at our explanation on change management. Essay Writing Service. This provides an opportunity for innovation. Svetlana. Published in December 2009, around the time this $4.2 acquisition came to an agreement. Will Pixar's freedom and cr Resisting change is human behavior and merging two cultures is not an easy task. This Walt Disney Pixar movie was a box office success. The markets and manufactures electrical products for communication and information systems and data, power systems, internet solutions, electronic appliances, industrial infrastructure solutions and household products. Pixar's successful acquisition with Disney has been incredibly profitable, with the company releasing over 10 full feature animated films globally, all of them reaching a total gross of over $360,000,000. WebDisney And Pixar The case solution Integrating Organizational and Human Behavior Perspectives on Mergers and Acquisitions. Many mergers tend to fail and many others succeed. The merger and acquisition is not only about two companies that sign an agreement and then start working in collaboration. - Inhouse team of MBAs and CFAs (not reliant on freelancers), We are the Number 1 Case Study Solution Provider In the Case Study Help Niche, Unveiling the Magic of Design: The Role of Synthesis, Participant and Leader Behavior: Group Decision Simulation (B), Executive Remuneration at Royal Dutch Shell (B), Object-Orientation: A Tool for Enterprise Design, Haier: the global innovation of Chinese company, The University Of Wyomying Mens Basketball Team, Novartis Agricultural Discovery Institute Inc. (A), Celtel Nigeria: Towards serving the rural poor (A). Sign up to highlight and take notes. With this in mind, Catmull immediately started making changes: After implementing changes within Disney, the studios work began to improve. Available from: https://www.wowessays.com/free-samples/example-of-the-disney-pixar-merger-case-study/, "Example Of The Disney Pixar Merger Case Study." Once the merger went through, Catmull immediately began his tenure as the president of both Disney Animation Studios and Pixar. Walt ad Roy believed that he had to stay one step ahead of the competition in order to be the most creative, productive and innovation Animation Company of all time. Synergies seen in combining successful animation experts from Pixar and studio experts from Disney. WebView Disney pixar case study.pdf from DEPARTMENT 201611520 at Cavite State University - Rosario Campus (College of Trade and Arts). Disney Pixar Merger Case Study Pdf -. WebHistory of the Merger Walt Disney Company had been working with animation partner, Pixar since 1991 for production and distribution of animated films. Steve Jobs was quoted that is was probably the best merger in history, and Pixar might not have been able to continue without it. Katerina. He did not change the existing corporate values of creativity, quality, entrepreneurship and teamwork and started rebuilding the company along the same lines. Internal server error. WebIn the US$ 7.4 billion deal, Disney got a library of six Pixar films. Disney and Pixar merger was a vertical merger. (2011). It was mainly due to the companies' negotiations. WebOn January 24th, 2006, both Pixar and Walt Disney agreed to a $7.4 billion dollar merger. Create beautiful notes faster than ever before. ", "Example Of The Disney Pixar Merger Case Study,". Regardless of the payment method you choose for checking out, all transactions are safe and encryption-protected. These two companies were operating at different stages and were responsible for the production of great movies all around the world. "Example Of The Disney Pixar Merger Case Study. Pixar founded in 1986 by Edwin Catmull and Alvy, Smith was an animation studio. One of the companys newest merger is Marvel. Iger assured them that Pixar would maintain its autonomy and its company culture. Many mergers tend to fail and many others succeed. Free Essay Examples - WowEssays.com. A horizontal merger occurs when two companies in the same industry with the same goods or services and the same level of competition decide to merge. This is especially true for manufacturing and marketing LCD televisions in which Panasonic is among the top firms globally. With Igers hard work and Jobs Disney had consecutive underperforming movies before its partnership with Pixar. They were no longer catching the eye of the public with their hand-drawn movies. Indeed, they even retained their email ids. This was also the reason for the huge revenue that was generated together by both companies. I have discussed the cases relating to acquisition and merger. pixar in theaters june 15 helen parr "elastigirl" created date: 3/28/2018 3:31:32 pm, Disney-Pixar Merger a case study analysis. Disney kingdom was started by a person named Walter Disney in association with his brother who called Ray O Disney in 1923. It was mainly due to the companies' negotiations. The company had two choices: continue making old fashioned hand-drawn movies or make a new type of Disney movie using the digital animation that was now available due to modern technology. This market structure is similar to monopoly, except that instead of one firm, two or more firms have control in the market. https://www.wowessays.com/free-samples/example-of-the-disney-pixar-merger-case-study/. Most mergers are highly risky but with the right knowledge and intuition, they can succeed. This was part of a deal in which Pixar would produce 3 more films, and Disney would fund, market and distribute them. Moreover, there was a growing discontent in the company about Eisner and his way of management. In 1905, it merged with Anglo-Swiss condensed I find this interaction to be strange, Disney is interacting with post-socialist China on political and economic grounds. The deal The Disney Pixar case study shows that Catmulls principles and results could be replicated. Your email address will not be published. What were the benefits/risks and was it successful? Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. This happened because of the hostile environment that often accompanies a takeover, which resulted in disagreements between the management and the other parties involved. All of Pixars stories, worlds, and characters were created internally by their own community of artists. This procedure helps in creating more synergies and cost-efficientness. International Journal of Sustainable Economy, 1(2), 198 212. Get help with 11% offusing code - GETWOWED, No, thanks! During negotiations, Catmull drafted a lengthy list of demands that ensured Pixars culture wouldnt be impacted after being bought by a massive entertainment studio such as Disney. The Sales Alliance involves both the Disney and Pixar companies working together to maximize the profits from their products. Synergy refers to the combined value of two companies, which is greater than the sum of their individual parts. This program is focused on employee preparation and development. They also featured their characters in theme parks. Disney And Pixar Merger Case Study. What is not a benefit of vertical merger? Previous movies of Pixar were released by Disney but their contract was about to end prior to the release of a film by Pixar, Cars. WebA case study of the Disney Marvel merger. Stop procrastinating with our study reminders. Disney kept Pixar's management in place to ensure a smooth transition. Upload unlimited documents and save them online. However, the inspiration to expand globally does not completely rest on income and to promote capitalism within the company. This procedure helps in creating more synergies and cost-efficiency. The merger of Disney-Pixar is not a very successful one. endobj WebTaking Giant Swings: Pixar Acquisition Case Study. Although several shortcomings may be associated with the merger, the advantages Disney/Pixar.Disney. Despo Michaelidou - 2 Mikaella Savva - 20140213 Mergers and acquisitions are frequent in todays business environment. The acquisition gave Disney access to Pixar's technology. WebDisney and Pixar was nearing end, and Iger was able to draw up a plan that both parties could agree on for Disneys acquisition of Pixar. For instance, when Walt Disney and Pixar merged, it was a vertical merger because the former has a specialization in distribution whilst also having a strong financial position and the latter owned one of the most innovative animation studios.