[24] A ten-year average of satellite determined precipitation showed that at least 30percent of the annual rainfall in the northern Philippines could be traced to tropical cyclones, while the southern islands receive less than 10percent of their annual rainfall from tropical cyclones. All storms are forming in the northern hemisphere and spin counterclockwise. There are several major factors affecting typhoons. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the Strong winds: This is one of the most devastating and the most consistent negative effect of a typhoon. Typhoon "Florita" A typhoon will weaken if the water is not warm enough. Tropical cyclones are warm-core low pressure systems associated with a spiral inflow of mass at the bottom level and spiral outflow at the top level. The relationship between the ocean and the atmosphere during tropical cyclone conditions is not a one-way interaction. High-energy cosmic neutrinos are hitting on earth. PubMedGoogle Scholar. They always form over oceans where sea surface temperature, also air temperatures are greater than 26C. FOIA What is the moral lesson of at wars end by rony diaz? Sea Surface Temperatures: Typhoons gain their energy from mositure that evaporates from wam ocean water. There are several major factors affecting typhoons. The submitted names are arranged into a list, the names on the list will be used from up to down, from left to right. Basic Factors of Typhoon Disaster Database Help Trigger, Change and Damage -- Three Basic Factors Basic Factors of Typhoon Disaster Database Typhoon Impact Index Typhoon Impact Index Disaster Reduction and Mitigation against Typhoons Disaster Reduction and Mitigation against Typhoons Related Links Sources of Typhoon Disaster Data That can take place over time periods as long as thousands of years. We mapped landslides manually using satellite imagery by comparing pre- and post-Typhoon Mangkhut images of the study area. ", "Typhoon and Tropical Cyclone Seasons in Vietnam", "Typhoon Season in Vietnam: How to Prepare Your Business", "Frequently Asked Questions Subject: A1) What is a hurricane, typhoon, or tropical cyclone? [10] The Persian term may originally have been influenced by the Greek word. AddressNo. A typhoon doesnt mean it will spin in a specific direction, like a hurricane. SEVERE TROPICAL STORM (STS) , a tropical cyclone with maximum wind speed of 87 to 117 kph or 48 - 63 knots. What Causes A Hurricane To Form With Survival Tips, How Does A Tsunami Occur In Tropical Area, What Causes A Tornado To Form In Tropical Area, Safety precautions during and after Typhoon. Like any tropical cyclone, there are several main requirements for typhoon formation and development. This mound of water follows the storm and contributes to the storm surge when the hurricane makes landfall. Google Scholar. The most common mechanism to cause a typhoon to develop is the. Bull. The classification of tropical cyclones according to the strength of the associated windsas adopted by PAGASA as of 23 March 2022 are as follows: TROPICAL DEPRESSION (TD) - a tropical cyclone with maximum sustained winds of up to 62 kilometers per hour (kph) or less than 34 nautical miles per hour (knots) . Univ., Moscow, 2000). Thus, the typhoon will dissipate once the supply of water vapor is cut-off. I'm a registered clinical therapist, researcher, and coach. The first character is normally used to mean "pedestal" or "stand", but is actually a simplification of the older Chinese character , which means "typhoon"; thus the word originally meant "typhoon wind". Fifty-seven House Democrats had sent an open letter to Trump on March 13, asking him to trigger the act. Trigger Effects in Geosystems: Proc. constipation. Tropical cyclones are also generated in disturbances along the intertropical convergence zone, on traverse waves or under superimposed upper disturbances. ", "What is the difference between a hurricane, a cyclone, and a typhoon? Drawing energy from the sea surface and maintaining its strength as long as it remains over warm water, a tropical cyclone generates winds that exceed 119 km (74 miles) per hour. Based on the solution of the generalized Boussinesq problem for half-space and typical pressure differences in medium-power typhoons, some estimates of the trigger effect of such differences on the provocation of earthquakes are given. An extreme precipitation event produced catastrophic debris flows in central Chile during 29-31 January 2021 (austral summer). For both typhoons, emergency transfer has a higher determining power (q) ranking for the population vulnerability, while the percentage of the GDP made up of primary industry have higher q ranking for economic vulnerability. That may seem like a tiny area, but its where the East Lee trade winds converge, and theres a plentiful supply of moisture. However, Vietnam recognises its typhoon season as lasting from the beginning of June through to the end of November, with an average of four to six typhoons hitting the country annually. Turn off air conditioners exposed to strong winds can cause the motor of an air conditioner to run in the reverse direction. Typhoons can cause voltage dips, and elevators may be affected. A lot of moisture in the atmosphere creates a tropical system. A super typhoon with sustained wind speeds above fifty miles an hour is as destructive as the most notorious killer hurricanes like Katrina. A. D. Sytinskii, Relation between Seismic Activity of the Earth and Atmospheric Processes (Nauka, Leningrad, 1985). Move electrical appliances to a safe place. 77, 3337 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-09894-2. V. M. Fedorov, Gravitation Factors and Astronomic Chronology of Geosphere Processes (Mosk. A pre-existing low level disturbance over a warm ocean area and a region of upper-level divergence or outflow above the surface disturbance (though not all these areas of organized convective activity develop into tropical cyclones or greater intensity). Across the Philippines themselves, activity reaches a minimum in February, before increasing steadily through June and spiking from July through October, with September being the most active month for tropical cyclones across the archipelago. A typhoon that wanders too close to the equator will lose this effect and degenerate into a disorganized cluster of thunderstorms. Typhoons as Triggers of Turbidity Currents Tropical cyclones such as hurricanes and typhoons regularly devastate islands and coastal regions taking enormous toll in fatalities and property 1, 2, 3,. 1, 6971 (2015). About 85 to 90percent of Pacific typhoons form within the monsoon trough. Google Scholar. 10.1175/1520-0493(2000)128<3296:PASSIO>2.0.CO;2, 10.1175/1520-0469(2001)058<2545:TMJOBD>2.0.CO;2, 2015 Annual Tropical Cyclone Report: Western Pacific, "Typhoons in the Philippine Islands, 15661900", 10.1175/1520-0450(2000)039<1658:COTCTT>2.0.CO;2, http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2010GL044709/full, "Typhoon Alley: Where the Planet's Most Intense Tropical Cyclones Most Frequently Happen", 10.1175/1520-0442(2004)017<1419:IOENOE>2.0.CO;2, "Annual Report on Activities of the RSMC Tokyo Typhoon Center: 2000", "List of names for tropical cyclones adopted by the ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee for the western North Pacific and the South China Sea (valid as of 2019)", "Member Report Republic of the Philippines", "Preparation critical for Japan's coming typhoon season", "An Analysis of Super Typhoon Tip (October 1979)", 10.1175/1520-0493(1980)108<1915:AAOSTT>2.0.CO;2, "Fifth International Workshop on Tropycal Cyclones: Topic 5.1: Societal Impacts of Tropical Cyclones", Multilingual Tropical Cyclone Information, Vietnam's National Hydro-Meteorological Service, List of atmospheric pressure records in Europe, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Typhoon&oldid=1132673112, Articles with dead external links from December 2017, Articles with permanently dead external links, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Persian-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2017, Articles containing simplified Chinese-language text, Articles containing traditional Chinese-language text, Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2012, Articles with Indonesian-language sources (id), Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Straight track (or straight runner). L. N. Doda, V. L. Natyaganov, and I. V. Stepanov, An empirical scheme of short-term earthquake prediction, Dokl. There are several major factors affecting typhoons. Download valuable applications to your phone, such as the news app. Overall, the results can be conducive to understanding the complexity of vulnerability to typhoons and provide a reference for possible indicators for vulnerability assessment models, and determining the reasons for changes in vulnerability can be constructive to the formulation of specific policies for disaster prevention and mitigation. V. L. Natyaganov or Yu. The Chinese source is the word tai fung or taifeng[10] (simplified Chinese: ; traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: tifng). Although the rains contribute to the water needs of the areas traversed by the cyclones, the rains are harmful when the amount is so large as to cause flooding. Here are eight of the most common causes of flooding, both natural and human-induced. At the same time, those forming in the southern hemisphere spin clockwise. The earth uses it to attain balance or equilibrium. In latter information, we can concede that tropical cyclone is closely related to ocean. As the air rises, the water vapor it contains cools by expansion and eventually condenses to form clouds. Vulnerability is an important component of typhoon risk. At the tropical depression drift, it may encounter areas of the ocean where it is hot. 1. As a result, the JTWC's wind reports are higher than JMA's measurements, as the latter is based on a 10-minute averaging interval. These warm waters are needed to maintain the warm core that fuels tropical systems. D. G. Levchenko, Registering Wide-Band Seismic Signals and Possible Forerunners of Major Earthquakes at the Sea Bottom (Nauchnyi Mir, Moscow, 2015). [26], Most tropical cyclones form on the side of the subtropical ridge closer to the equator, then move poleward past the ridge axis before recurving north and northeast into the main belt of the Westerlies. Sea Surface Temperatures: Typhoons gain their energy from mositure that evaporates from wam ocean water. These conditions are discussed in greater detail in Tropicalweather.net's, If all of the pre-conditions are met, typhoon formation then becomes possible. Wind shear: Wind shear is a difference in wind speed and direction with altitude. They start from evaporating water molecules from the ocean because this moist air is warm. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1028334X1312009X, Article I wanna divide math tricks, y'all? 1. My name is Julia Rose. During the passage, storm surge is generated. For different loss types, the dominant socioeconomic vulnerability factor is different. Tropical cyclones are warm-core low pressure systems associated with a spiral inflow of mass at the bottom level and spiral outflow at the top level. The results show that from Typhoon Hato in 2017 to Typhoon Mangkhut in 2018, the vulnerability of the economy and houses decrease on average. In these situations, stay calm and listen to news bulletins. So, in short, the water temperature is a pretty important aspect of these tropical systems. The earths rotation causes the strengthening system to spin counterclockwise in the northern hemisphere. This causes nerve damage that can range from mild to severe and permanent manifestations. Based on researches, the maximum height of a wave as a function of fetch is H = 1/3 (F)1/2 ; where H is in meters, and F is in kilometers. Tropical cyclones are very rare within 5 latitude of the equator. Kamchatskoi Regionalnoi Organizatsii Uchebno-Nauchn. Sea Surface Temperatures: Typhoons gain their energy from mositure that evaporates from wam ocean water. When conditions are ideal, the system starts to rotate even faster, and the typhoons eye is now on a prayer center. Hurricanes draw their energy from warm seas and can only develop at 26 degrees Celsius. When wind speeds top 25 knots, about 30 miles per hour, the center issues its First Alert. Would you like email updates of new search results? This can lead to a life threatening . For example, remove a portion of slope toe (the slope can become steeper); build houses on the slope (the building can increase the slope loading); and pile up man-made wastes (increase the driving force of materials on the slope). One of its distinguishing features is its having a central sea-level pressure of 900 mb or lower and surface winds often exceeding 100 knots. A typhoon is a mature tropical cyclone that develops between 180 and 100E in the Northern Hemisphere.This region is referred to as the Northwestern Pacific Basin, and is the most active tropical cyclone basin on Earth, accounting for almost one-third of the world's annual tropical cyclones.For organizational purposes, the northern Pacific Ocean is divided into three regions: the eastern . North Pacific off the West Coast of Central America during the months of June to October. The .gov means its official. Accessibility Since it is a warm-core low end with moisture, the atmospheres latent heat drops all that tremendous amount of rain. Serious complications are rare but can include intestinal bleeding or perforations in the intestine. Now the swell generated in the rear right quadrant will move forward in the direction of the movement of the storm. [16] Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. It is best described as the highest water level rise as the peak of the storm surges usually coincides with the time of passage of typhoon across a coastline. The peak months correspond to that of the Atlantic hurricane seasons. Peninsulas and islands provide walls to reflect, refract and channel waves. 69, 1823 (2011). However, little is known about the contributions of vulnerability factors and their interaction effects on typhoon-induced losses at a fine scale. fatigue. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. The upper layer is termed the mixed layer because the constant temperature in the vertical is maintained by vertical mixing. https://doi.org/10.3103/S0027133022020042, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3103/S0027133022020042. The combination of upwelling and vertical mixing typically produces a decrease in the surface ocean temperature of 1-3C and may occasionally produce a decrease as large as 5C which affects the intensity of slow-moving or stationary storms by reducing evaporation into the atmosphere. The height of the waves from which swell develop is determined by the fetch or water distance over which the wind has blown without significant deviation in direction. The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest. [42] After Typhoon Morakot landed in Taiwan at midnight on August 8, 2009, almost the entire southern region of Taiwan (Chiayi County/Chiayi City, Tainan County/Tainan City (now merged as Tainan), Kaohsiung County/Kaohsiung City (now merged as Kaohsiung), and Pingtung County) and parts of Taitung County and Nantou County were flooded by record-breaking heavy rain. Gos. The thunderstorms convert the moisture into heat. In addition, the major seismic activity of March 4, 2008 also contributed to landslide occurrence. Winds develop along this front and when conditions are favorable, forms into tropical cyclones. Bookshelf Taiwan has received the wettest known typhoon on record for the northwest Pacific tropical cyclone basins. However, some can be detected only a few hours or perhaps a day or two, while others are observed as long as a fortnight. These are the "convective theory" and the "frontal" or "counter-current" theory. They usually move at an average speed of 19 kilometers per hour, often guided by the main airstream above them. Each begins over warm oceans with high air, moisture, and wind levels. ADS They reach their greatest intensity while located over warm tropical water. Disclaimer, National Library of Medicine Typhoons start off as tropical thunderstorms. [30] Typhoon paths follow three general directions.[22]. Your email address will not be published. Further away from the center, at the tip the air becomes colder and dry and starts "sinking" downward. National Ocean Service.Glossary of Meteorology. We will try to help you. There are several major factors affecting typhoons. Dont forget to charge your phone and prepare additional power banks fully. It is independent of the type of stress and the factors that trigger it. Tropical cyclones derive their energy from the latent heat of condensation which made them exist only over the oceans and die out rapidly on land. Various names call them. Like other basins, they are steered by the subtropical ridge towards the west or northwest, with some systems recurving near and east of Japan. Such massive cloud formation produces heavy rains with large-sized raindrops. But the upper divergence must exceed low-level convergence in order to cause surface pressures to decrease (which is called deepening ). The dominant interaction effects between two vulnerability factors differ depending on the typhoon and loss type but show a nonlinear enhancement effect in most cases. [13] The United States' Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) unofficially classifies typhoons with wind speeds of at least 130knots (67m/s; 150mph; 241km/h)the equivalent of a strong Category4 storm in the Saffir-Simpson scaleas super typhoons. Typhoon disasters have caused casualties, property loss, and other negative impacts to social and economic development. The modern Japanese word, (, taifuu); as well as the modern Korean word (taepung) are also derived from Chinese. The landslide triggering factors include internal, external and human factors. Weak vertical wind shear in the basic current so in those areas of small mean zonal-wind shear are also areas of active storm formation. The first involves the gradual buildup of strain in an earthquake fault zone. A little wind shear or a cold front coming in from the north allows the storms to break apart. government site. of the 3rd All-Russian Workshop-Meeting, Ed. [40] The most intense storm based on minimum pressure was Typhoon Tip in the northwestern Pacific Ocean in 1979, which reached a minimum pressure of 870 hectopascals (26inHg) and maximum sustained wind speeds of 165knots (85m/s, 190mph, 310km/h). One of the most recent busy seasons was 2013. Using the aforementioned regressive process, accumulative rainfall and peak ground acceleration (PGA) are selected as the major triggering factors in this research. Moisture: Even with warm water, a typhoon can encounter dry air masses, which can enter into a typhoon and weaken it or prevent it from strenghtening. The strong winds generate surface waves with amplitudes of 20 m or more. Subject: F1) What regions around the globe have tropical cyclones, and who is responsible for forecasting there?. Storms recurving affect the eastern Philippines, eastern China, Taiwan, Korea, Japan, and the Russian Far East. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Stay calm and stay safe in the coming typhoon season. Storms can spin either way. Western North Pacific Ocean , including the Philippines , during the months of May to November, but storms sometimes occur in all months. [22] Pacific typhoons have formed year-round, with peak months from August to October. There are several types of atmospheric disturbances that can cause a typhoon to develop. The converging air is forced upward carrying with it moisture in the form of water vapor. Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea from May to June and October to November. Besides, an inappropriately selected site can also affect the slope stability and trigger a landslide. The high accumulation of rainfall was the major triggering factor. Then It can create typhoons with warm water. Leave one light on so you will know when power has been restored. It receives this heat from the sea and the exchange can occur rapidly, because of the large amount of spray thrown into the air by the wind. 619621. [15], There are six main requirements for tropical cyclogenesis: sufficiently warm sea surface temperatures, atmospheric instability, high humidity in the lower to middle levels of the troposphere, enough Coriolis force to develop a low pressure center, a pre-existing low level focus or disturbance, and low vertical wind shear. Basin-wide responses of the South China Sea environment to Super Typhoon Mangkhut (2018). Deforestation, Irrigation and Urbanisation. Migraine has possibly been associated with the previous ingestion of certain foods (about . Depth of warm water: The waves of a typhoon tend to churn up the ocean, bringing up cooler water from deeper down. [41] The deadliest typhoon of the 20th century was Typhoon Nina, which killed nearly 100,000 in China in 1975 due to a flood that caused 12 reservoirs to fail. This is important in as much as no tropical cyclone develop over land and in coastal vicinities. Vertical wind shear: Storms in the higher latitudes can spin up and become extra severe. During the occurrence of a tropical cyclone it was observed that the wind energy is concentrated in the storm causing a system of swell waves to spread out of the storm area. Signal menu ( Figure 6 ) allows you to easily add/remove signals from the plot and/or set them as the trigger source, set their range and offset with one click - all without opening the signal assignment or trigger settings . [9][11], A tropical depression is the lowest category that the Japan Meteorological Agency uses and is the term used for a tropical system that has wind speeds not exceeding 33 knots (38mph; 61km/h). [17] Even with perfect upper-level conditions and the required atmospheric instability, the lack of a surface focus will prevent the development of organized convection and a surface low. Stock up on emergency supplies before a typhoon comes. Typhoon "Agaton" diarrhea. They last for about six days, in general, before they enter the land or reach sub-tropical latitudes. Areas west of Japan and Korea tend to experience many fewer SeptemberNovember tropical cyclone impacts during El Nio and neutral years. Typhoon "Henry" Check lifts and carry out improvement works where needed. (Factors, Formation, Safety). As tropical storms make landfall, the combined action of the pressure anomaly and the wind stress produces the most destructive aspect of the hurricane to coastal regions - the storm surge. PMC Depth of warm water: The waves of a typhoon tend to churn up the ocean, bringing up cooler water from deeper down. A typhoon will weaken if the water is not warm enough. Those are effects from the all of the three kinds of effects. 2022 Feb;256(2):175-185. doi: 10.1620/tjem.256.175. D. Skobennikova, Mechanical causes of recent activization of the planet and its consequences, in Proc. Northwestern Coast of Australia during the months of November to April. For example, construct a road on top of or below the slope; or prepare the site to have a flat land. 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. [25] The genesis and intensity of typhoons are also modulated by slow variation of the sea surface temperature and circulation features following a near-10-year frequency. There are many factors involved in typhoon formation. At this point, they start to condense and form clouds resulting in rain showers. Epub 2020 May 4. This makes this basin the most active on Earth. The dominant interaction effects between two vulnerability factors differ depending on the typhoon and loss type but show a nonlinear enhancement effect in most cases. Exhaust: These tropical systems are cyclonic at their base but antipsychotic in the upper atmosphere, which allows them to move away from the center of circulation. A rare few storms, like Hurricane John, were redesignated as typhoons as they originated in the Eastern/Central Pacific and moved into the western Pacific. In general, therefore, development of a tropical cyclone takes place when there is proper combination of circulation, divergence and convergence which is maintained over a considerable period of time on a proper scale. Trigger Factors and Ways of Provoking the Seismic and Volcanic Activity. Convergence is induced in the mixed layer and downwelling occurs, which also acts to deepen the mixed layer. These water evaporated from the sea/ocean is carried up into the atmosphere and condenses, forming clouds from which all forms of precipitation result. As we know, the ocean is divided into an upper layer of constant (in the vertical) temperature and a lower layer in which the temperature decreases with depth. TWO FACTORS INVOLVED WITH EARTHQUAKE TRIGGERING There are at least two factors involved with earthquake triggering. Although there were some differences between the subgroups of ABDs, the onset of the disease was associated with a triggering factor (stress, foods, physical . Keep fridge doors closed. 2020 Aug 20;731:139093. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139093. Sometimes, intense cyclonic circulations occur which is what we call the tropical cyclones. Tropical cyclones form in any month of the year across the northwest Pacific Ocean and concentrate around June and November in the northern Indian Ocean. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help The intensity of tropical cyclones vary, thus , we can classify them based upon their degree of intensity. There are conditions necessary for the development of tropical cyclone, which greatly depends on the ocean: The instability of the lower atmospheric layers. As the storm approaches, the increasing winds produce stronger turbulence and a deepening and slight cooling of the mixed layer. [3][4], The term typhoon is the regional name in the northwest Pacific for a severe (or mature) tropical cyclone,[5] whereas hurricane is the regional term in the northeast Pacific and northern Atlantic. https://doi.org/10.3103/S0027133022020042, https://doi.org/10.1134/S1028334X1312009X, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actaastro.2011.02.012, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-09894-2. The breaking wave or swell is one of the most destructive elements of tropical cyclone, since a cubic yard of water weighs 1500 pounds and waves moving forward many feet per second may be very destructive to beaches and harbor facilities, especially when they contain debris such as tree trunks and heavy beams. Mech. [29] During La Nia years, the formation of tropical cyclones, and the subtropical ridge position, shift westward across the western Pacific Ocean, which increases the landfall threat to China and greater intensity to Philippines. Both driving and resisting stresses can change over time. These clusters of clouds are areas of low pressure in the atmosphere. Though these heat sources are not sufficient to start a hurricane going, the heat of condensation supports the process once started. Based on the solution of the generalized Boussinesq problem for half-space and typical pressure differences in medium-power typhoons, some estimates of the trigger effect of such differences on the provocation of earthquakes are given. The combined influence of rainfall and the earthquake is evaluated based on multi-variable regression analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. In addition, imbalances between the current velocities and pressure field in the ocean lead to eddies which between the current velocities and pressure field in the ocean lead to eddies which persists far behind the storm. They are often found to form within the Intertropical Convergence Zone or the ITCZ. I would love to hear your opinion, question, suggestions, please let me know. Remember to lock the doors and windows and turn off the main power switch to avoid electrical incidents. On average, the northwestern Pacific features the most numerous and intense tropical cyclones globally. [12] Once the system's maximum sustained winds reach wind speeds of 64 knots (74mph; 119km/h), the JMA will designate the tropical cyclone as a typhoonthe highest category on its scale. I'm the author of this blog. Whether or not these stresses (driving stresses) are capable of triggering failure of a given slope at a given moment in time will depend on the relative magnitude of the stresses that resist the tendency for failure; these opposing stresses can be referred to as resisting stresses. A new name will be decided by the region whose name was retired. They can bring torrential rain, flooding, and other hallmarks of a big storm. Instead, they generally refer to animals, flowers, astrological signs, and a few personal names. What Causes A Typhoon? The 2004 Pacific typhoon season was the busiest for Okinawa since 1957. Typhoon melor triggering turbidity currents off the MT delta Some of the planet's most powerful typhoons follow generally straight westward trajectories, crossing the Philippines at their . Temperature across the interface (thermocline) between the mixed layer and the lower layer is depicted as discontinuous. Some particular ingredients or factors came together to make typhoons. Along with a high storm frequency, this basin also features the most globally intense storms on record. Restoring electricity may take longer in areas where the damage is severe or access roads are blocked by fallen trees or flooding. Open Government Declaration Privacy Policy Security. The Ancient Greek (Typhn, "Typhon") is related and has secondarily influenced the word. It is also known as a tropical storm. [12], Since 2009 the Hong Kong Observatory has divided typhoons into three different classifications: typhoon, severe typhoon and super typhoon. And Atmospheric Processes ( Mosk of recent activization of the pre-conditions are met, typhoon formation and development of! Forming clouds from which all forms of precipitation result to April is cut-off the process once.... Provoking the Seismic and Volcanic Activity maximum wind speed of 87 to 117 kph or 48 - knots... 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