docker cli mac without desktop; In November 2020 a judge suspended five officials from the Mexico City Prosecutor Generals Office for failing to search for Fatima within 72 hours after she went missing. The year started under the shadow of the brutal murders of the . In 2019 the Federal Police was disbanded, and in May 2020 all remaining assets and personnel transferred to the National Guard. An opinion poll in April 2019 showed more than 70 percent of the population supporting the CICIG. Freedom of Expression for Members of the Press and Media, Including Online Media: Independent media were active and expressed a wide variety of views without restriction but often self-censored due to fear of reprisal. According to multiple NGOs, due to COVID-19s impact on the economy, funding sources for womens shelters, including for indigenous women, were insufficient. There were reports some government agents were complicit with international organized criminal gangs, and prosecution and conviction rates were low for these abuses. From 2013 through . The law prohibits compulsory overtime. COMARs budget increased modestly in recent years but was not commensurate with the growth in refugee claims in the country. As of September no alleged perpetrators of the disappearances had been convicted, and 78 of those initially accused were released due to lack of evidence, generally due to irregularities in their detention, including confessions obtained through torture. According to civil society groups, migrants at some detention centers faced abuse when commingled with gang members and other criminals. Zone 18 and the city of Villa Nueva in Guatemala City due to crime. Country Summary: Violent crime such as extortion, murder, armed robbery, carjacking . Observers from grassroots labor rights groups, international NGOs, and multinational apparel brands reported that employers in export-oriented supply chains increasingly used hiring methods that lessened job security. Indigenous persons generally had limited access to health care and education services. The government deployed hundreds of security forces to contain the caravan. In June the Federal Telecommunications Institute, an autonomous agency created to increase the transparency of media regulation, released internet neutrality guidelines for internet service providers. International Child Abductions: The country is party to the 1980 Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction. Defendants may not be compelled to testify or confess guilt. In most cases the law requires detainees to appear before a judge for a custody hearing within 48 hours of arrest, during which authorities must produce sufficient evidence to justify continued detention. Mexico is safer than many cities in the U.S. More than 150,000 Americans safely visit Mexico every day. Drug traffickers involved in illegal logging recruited and kidnapped indigenous persons and children in isolated or displaced communities, withheld their wages, forced them to conduct illicit activities, and often threatened death if they tried to leave. With a judges consent, children may marry at younger ages. President Lopez Obrador condemned the threats, and the Interior Secretariat confirmed that authorities would grant Uresti protection measures. According to civil society, libel and defamation proceedings tripled from 11 cases in 2019 to 33 cases in 2020. The government investigated and prosecuted some of these crimes, but the vast majority remained uninvestigated and unprosecuted. On April 24, congress approved a reform to the labor law aimed at banning subcontracting of personnel for core or main economic activities in the public and private sectors. In July the CNB reported it had recovered more than 1,100 pounds of charred human remains from La Bartolina, Tamaulipas, a clandestine cremation site found in 2017. That means the homicide crime rate was 29 per 100,000 in 2020. The Overseas Security Advisory Council (OSAC) was created in 1985 under the Federal Advisory Committee Act to promote security cooperation between American private-sector interests worldwide and the U.S. Department of State. As of August 18, authorities had not confirmed whether the threatening video was genuine. Moreover, security is one of the most dynamic sectors of the economy. Participation of Women and Members of Minority Groups: No laws limit the participation of women or members of minority groups in the political process, and they did participate. Not all public defenders were qualified, however, and often the state public defender system was understaffed. The third and fourth stages will be complete in 2021, extending the tramline to the Luxembourg Airport, the Luxembourg train station, and the neighborhood of Cloche d'Or. The Federal Center, however, estimated that only 10 to 15 percent of those collective bargaining agreements would undergo a legitimization vote because the worksite where the agreement was valid had closed, the work for which the agreement was negotiated had concluded, or the contract was a protection contract held by a nonrepresentative union. The CABs continued failures to administer and oversee procedures related to union activity impartially and transparently, such as union elections, registrations, and strikes, undermined worker efforts to exercise their rights to freedom of association and collective bargaining. Investigations, prosecutions, and convictions for the crime of forced disappearance were rare. In May 2020 the CNDH reported that children were subjected to abuses such as torture, sexual violence, and cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment at Ciudad de los Ninos, a private institution in Salamanca, Guanajuato. Defendants have the right to free assistance of an interpreter, if needed, although interpretation and translation services for indigenous languages were not always available. In July the army provided reparations to two of the three families of persons killed in July 2020 by soldiers in Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas, during an encounter with suspected cartel members. Federal and state labor inspectorates conducted nearly 30,000 labor inspections in formally registered businesses in 2020 but did not conduct inspections in the informal sector. In July the Mexico City congress passed a law to provide, promote, and protect LGBTQI+ human rights. The Jalisco government disarmed the municipal police force of Ixtlahuacan and turned over public security duties to the National Guard and the Jalisco Secretariat for Public Security. This represented an increase of 11 percent of children from the 2017 INEGI survey. 4 The authorities failed to properly safeguard the evidence collected, examine all lines of investigation and correctly apply a gender perspective. Contents1 What is the crime rate in [] Civil society organizations, however, reported that the number of labor inspections was not sufficient to secure compliance. Child, Early, and Forced Marriage: The legal minimum marriage age is 18. As a result the new Chamber of Deputies had 37 indigenous deputies, six Afro-Mexican deputies, four LGBTQI+ deputies (including two transgender deputies), and eight deputies with disabilities. Discrimination and Societal Abuses, Systemic Racial or Ethnic Violence and Discrimination, Acts of Violence, Criminalization, and Other Abuses Based on Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity, Other Societal Violence or Discrimination, a. The survey also reported that persons with darker skin completed 6.5 years of schooling, while those with white skin completed 10 years. The law requires children younger than 18 to complete compulsory basic education and to have a medical certificate to work. Some areas of Mexico have increased risk of crime and kidnapping. Nongovernmental Impact: Organized criminal groups exercised a grave influence over media outlets and reporters, threatening individuals who published critical views of crime groups. The reforms provide workers with the right to freely elect union representatives and approve or reject collective bargaining agreements through a secret ballot process before they are registered. Citizens generally registered the births of newborns with local authorities. In its data collection, the government often merged statistics on forcibly disappeared persons with missing persons not suspected of being victims of forced disappearance, making it difficult to compile accurate statistics on the extent of the problem. The governments National Council of Norms and Labor Competencies certified law enforcement internal affairs investigators and created standard internal affairs training to promote transparency and accountability. This announcement was also reshared on the local news outlet, MyParisTexas. The state commissions are funded by state legislatures and are semiautonomous. In many parts of the country, human smuggling organizations wielded significant power, and media alleged frequent collusion among local authorities. There were numerous instances of criminal armed groups extorting, threatening, or kidnapping asylum seekers and other migrants. In July 2020 the Supreme Court agreed to analyze the case but as of August 23 had not issued a ruling. The situation of agricultural workers remained particularly precarious, with similar patterns of exploitation throughout the sector. Standards moving through the development process at standards developing organizations (SDOs). On January 11, the government ended migratory detention for children. The constitution and law prohibit all forms of forced or compulsory labor, but the government did not effectively enforce the law. Most internal affairs units, however, were insufficiently staffed and funded. Since 2019 more than 60 women accused Roemer of sexual abuse, assault, and rape. In August Baja California and Yucatan passed laws banning LGBTQI+ conversion therapy. Lozoya accused high-level politicians representing multiple parties of complicity in his corrupt acts and was acting as a states witness in trials against them. As of August 27, there were no updates in this investigation. Security and violence in Mexico will remain significant challenges in the foreseeable future. Honduras 2020 OSAC Crime & Safety Report This is an annual report produced in conjunction with the Regional Security Office at the U.S. Embassy in. Authorities were attempting to extradite Roemer from Israel. According to civil society organizations, up to 3,250 persons, mostly women and children from indigenous communities, were forcibly displaced in July in Chenalho and Pantelho, Chiapas, due to territorial disputes between armed groups. As in 2020, NGOs in Campeche and Yucatan submitted multiple civil injunctions against the project citing a lack of transparency regarding environmental impact assessments and adverse effects on indigenous cultural heritage. During the first six months of 2021 the INEGI reported a total 16,972 (provisional) and the . Unprecedented numbers of migrants arriving at the countrys southern border and requesting refugee status stretched the refugee agencys capacity to process requests. Pretrial Detention: Lengthy pretrial detention was a problem, and authorities did not always promptly release those detained unlawfully. Mexico is safer than many cities in the U.S. More than 150,000 Americans safely visit Mexico every day. The increase in domestic violence cases that began during the start of the COVID-19 pandemic continued. There were credible reports of sexual assaults against migrants, particularly women, while migrating in and through the country. The midterms marked a large increase in female candidates. According to the Mexican Commission for the Promotion of Human Rights, from 2006 to 2020, federal authorities issued 27 sentences for torture. Their abduction followed the killings of two Yaqui activists and leaders: Thomas Rojo in May and Luis Urbano in June. The government made efforts to prevent, investigate, and punish acts of disappearance involving government agents. The INE requested information from all 32 states, reviewed a sample of 1,177 of the 6,962 federal deputy candidates, and canceled the registration of three candidates for filing false reports. As a result other unions, including a new union formed by workers after the vote, gained the right to seek representation rights and negotiate a new agreement. Organized criminal groups reportedly continued to oversee illicit activities from within penitentiary walls, and rival drug cartel members often fought in prison. High levels of impunity, including for killings or attacks on journalists, resulted in self-censorship and reduced freedom of expression and the press. Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador of the MORENA party coalition won the presidential election in generally free and fair multiparty elections in 2018. Indigenous persons in isolated regions reported incidents of forced labor in which cartel members forced them to perform illicit activities or face death. Labor inspections focused on the formal sector, leaving informal workers with no labor law protection. OSAC Registry. Also see the Department of Labors Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor at https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/findings/ as well as the Department of Labors List of Goods Produced by Child Labor or Forced Labor at https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/reports/child-labor/list-of-goods. The law prohibits minors from working in a broad list of hazardous and unhealthy occupations. Defendants have the right to an attorney of their choice at all stages of criminal proceedings. With no access to schools or child care, many workers took their children to work in the fields. Freedom to Participate in the Political Process, Section 4. In June another priest died in a cartel crossfire on the Durango-Zacatecas border. As of November authorities held Emilio Lozoya in pretrial detention. There were no government restrictions on academic freedom or cultural events. According to the NGO Christian Solidarity Worldwide, Catholic-majority communities sometimes discriminated, harassed, threatened, displaced, denied basic services, and destroyed the property of individuals who left Catholicism. According to the U.N., the murder rate is 4.6 per 100,000 people, which is one of the lowest in the Caribbean and South America. From January to June, the CNDH received nine complaints accusing government agents of forced disappearances, including five against the army and four against the National Guard. The federal government and states continued to implement the law on forced disappearances. Documentation supporting a persons identity and origin was lacking. Federal law provides for freedom of internal movement, foreign travel, emigration, and repatriation, and the government generally respected these rights. The presidential cabinet had 19 secretariats, and as of August women headed seven. Physical Conditions: According to the Federal Prison System, as of June there were 220,393 inmates in 288 state and federal facilities with a designed capacity for 217,064. In a June International Organization for Migration survey, 20 percent of citizens and 35 percent of third-country migrants reported using a smuggler to arrive to the U.S.-Mexico border. The law provides for freedom of expression, including for members of the press and other media, and the government generally respected this right. Twelve states have laws restricting public demonstrations. Between September 2020 and June, the STPS reported conducting labor inspections in 22,350 work centers nationwide benefiting more than three million workers. Informal workers lacked access to social protection mechanisms such as health care and retirement benefits. The Puebla state government sued the news outlet E-Consulta seven times due to its reporting. Prohibition of Forced or Compulsory Labor, c. Prohibition of Child Labor and Minimum Age for Employment, d. Discrimination with Respect to Employment and Occupation. On February 19, a constitutional reform eliminated presidential immunity for corruption and other crimes. It was created in 2019 to bring together national and international forensic experts to help identify 37,000 unidentified remains held in government facilities, coordinate implementation of the general law on forced disappearances, and allocate resources to state search commissions. There is no single independent oversight mechanism to review police actions, but many federal and state security and justice sector institutions have internal affairs units providing internal supervision and promoting best practices for transparency and accountability. A 2019 constitutional amendment grants the president the authority to use the armed forces to protect internal and national security through 2024. With an estimated population of 639,052 inhabitants, Celaya is the third most populous city situated in the south-central part of the Mexican state of . Social programs to combat child labor did not address all sectors where child labor occurred. Standards moving through the development process at standards developing organizations (SDOs). Reconsider travel to Costa Rica due to COVID-19.Exercise increased caution in Costa Rica due to crime.. Read the Department of State's COVID-19 page before you plan any international travel.. Mexico Rates of crime rapidly began to increase during the presidency of Hugo Chvez due . Be mindful of Cuban laws and regulations during your stay. According to National Security Secretariat statistics, between January and June, state-level prosecutors and attorneys general opened 495 femicide investigations throughout the country, exceeding the 477 state-level femicide investigations opened in the first half of 2020 (statistics from state-level reports often conflated femicides with all killings of women). The states of Guanajuato, Jalisco, Mexico, Michoacan, Nuevo Leon, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas, and Zacatecas, plus Mexico City, accounted for 76 percent of reported disappearances from 2018 to June 30. The pension was 2,550 pesos ($125) every two months. Concerns persisted regarding organized criminal groups use of physical violence in retaliation for information posted online, which exposed journalists, bloggers, and social media users to the same level of violence faced by traditional journalists. 2021 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: El Salvador Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor . Also in June a federal judge sentenced the former mayor of Chinipas, Chihuahua, Hugo Amed Schultz Alcaraz, to eight years in prison for his role in the 2017 murder of Miroslava Breach, a prominent La Jornada newspaper correspondent who reported on organized crime and corruption. Mexico > Merida 8/8/2013 Overall Crime and Safety Situation. There were credible reports that members of security forces committed some abuses. Despite a government program to transmit public education classes via internet, television, and radio during the pandemic, reports suggested that at least 2.5 million children did not continue their basic education. These included low wages, contentious labor management, long work hours, unjustified dismissals, a lack of social security benefits, unsafe workplaces, and no freedom of association. Hundreds of thousands of workers continued to work in foreign-owned factories, mainly in northern border states, producing electronics, medical equipment, and auto parts. Here, I headed up corporate advancement and security operations, managing over 400+ employees within a comprehensive security and investigation service firm. Civil society and families of the disappeared stated the governments actions to prevent and respond to disappearances were largely inadequate to address the scale of the problem. In 2019 legislators passed a constitutional reform recognizing Afro-Mexicans as an ethnic group. Abuses of persons with disabilities included the use of physical and chemical restraints; physical and sexual abuse; human trafficking, including forced labor; disappearance; and the illegal adoption of institutionalized children. A forensic doctor at the Yucatan Prosecutor Generals Office confirmed that he had suffered sexual abuse. Between January and June, state authorities opened 129,020 new domestic violence investigations. Yet, the 2022 outlook for both the rule of law and public safety in Mexico and meaningful U.S.-Mexico security cooperation remains bleak. According to a 2019 National Child Labor Survey, the number of children ages five to 17 in child labor, including in hazardous household work, was 3.3 million, or approximately 11.5 percent of children in the country. The government increased efforts to target human smuggling organizations. This Standards Bulletin from the Organization of Scientific Area Committees (OSAC) for Forensic Science provides a monthly update on: Standards moving through the OSAC Registry approval processes for published and OSAC Proposed Standards. Most National Guard personnel are seconded from the army and navy and have the option to return to their services after five years. The Federal Center took over registration functions nationwide on November 3 and was preparing to launch a national union registry to contain all files related to union registration and statutes, collective bargaining agreements, and union financial statements. In Chiapas in July an unidentified perpetrator killed Simon Pedro Perez Lopez, a human rights activist and member of the Las Abejas de Acteal civil society organization. The states where the most political violence occurred were Veracruz, followed by Guerrero and Guanajuato. 2021: Me and three of my friends got robbed at gunpoint by two guys in a motorcycle. Between January and June, the commission registered that 115,534 women received attention in Justice Centers for Women throughout the country, a 19 percent increase over the same period in 2020. In just the first few months of 2019, the Mexican coastal state of Veracruz has been plagued by bloodshed - on the streets, in drive-by shootings, and even with a massacre at a family gathering . Twitter users posted threats against journalists. Penalties ranged from monetary fines to the cancellation of candidacies. Children performed dangerous tasks in agriculture in the production of beans, chili peppers, coffee, cucumbers, eggplants, melons, onions, tomatoes, and tobacco. OSAC is directed by a council of 34 representatives from companies and government agencies concerned with overseas security. By law a union may call for a strike or bargain collectively in accordance with its own statutes. Land conflicts, social and ethnic violence, or local political disputes caused other incidents. They often experienced racism and discrimination and were frequently victims of violence. OSAC Council members will walk through a timeline of the Ukraine invasion and discuss how the invasion impacted private-sector operations and discuss how their organizations responded. State-level prosecutors reported investigating at least 199 cases involving child trafficking victims in 2020. Nevertheless, only 2 percent of schoolteachers in the country were trained to teach children with disabilities, according to the civil society organization Yo Tambien. The National Guard, which began operations in 2019, is a civilian institution reporting to the Secretariat of Public Security and Civil Protection. A 2019 constitutional reform increased the number of crimes for which pretrial detention is mandatory and bail is not available, including armed robbery, electoral crimes, fuel theft, and weapons possession. The Executive Secretariat of the National Public Security System reported more than 1,889 killings of women, including 672 femicides, from January to September. 1. The STPS has the authority to order labor inspections at any time in the event of labor law violations, imminent risk to employees, or workplace accidents. In April the STPS suspended a legitimization vote at the General Motors plant in Silao, Guanajuato, due to serious irregularities during the vote. State labor inspectors, however, reported finding evidence of child labor, particularly in agricultural establishments. See state summaries and advisory levels below for information on your specific travel destination. The government cooperated with the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and other humanitarian organizations in providing protection and assistance to refugees, returning refugees, or asylum seekers, as well as other persons of concern. Media monopolies, especially in small markets, at times constrained freedom of expression. NGOs reported authorities had not implemented programs for community integration. The law allows for the reinstatement of workers if the CAB finds the employer fired the worker without just cause and the worker requests reinstatement; however, the law also exempts broad categories of employees from this protection, including so-called employees of confidence and workers in the job for less than one year. The rate of aggression against political figures during the election cycle was on par with the 2018 election, one of the most violent political periods in recent history. All states have additional laws against discrimination. INEGI reported that 2 percent of the population (2.5 million) self-identified as Afro-Mexican. In April the government passed a penal code reform eliminating the statute of limitations for sexual crimes against minors, including child pornography distribution, child sex tourism, corruption of minors, pederasty, sexual abuse, and rape. As mentioned in the Justice in Mexico 2020 Organized Crime and Violence Special Report, Guanajuato is one of the major hot spots of violence in Mexico. The 27,751 calls to the hotline in May were the most since the creation of the hotline. From January to August the Mexican Commission to Assist Refugees (COMAR) received 77,559 applications for refugee status, a 41 percent increase from the same period in 2019, and anticipated that it would receive up to 120,000 applications in total by the end of the year. According to labor rights NGOs, employers in all sectors sometimes used the illegal hours bank approach requiring long hours when the workload is heavy and cutting down hours when it is light to avoid compensating workers for overtime. Penalties for law violations regarding occupational safety and health regulations were commensurate with those for other similar laws but were rarely enforced. Members of the Mayan community in Campeche reported the National Tourism Board pressured them to cease protesting and agree to leave their lands. Some civil society groups, however, asserted that state commissions were subservient to the state executive branch. Birth Registration: Children derive citizenship both by birth within the countrys territory and from their parents. As of August 16, authorities had not arrested any suspects. Some detainees complained of a lack of access to family members and to counsel after police held persons incommunicado for several days and made arrests arbitrarily without a warrant. Legally mandated joint management and labor committees set standards and are responsible for overseeing workplace standards in plants and offices. 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