Our editors handpick the products that we feature. Blow Dry Service. It was preceded by a banquet in the same room. On a day off you'll find her curled up with a new juicy romance novel. Im a lesbian, she once said by way of introduction to someone at a party, per The New Yorker. [23]:123 McDaniel hired one of the few white agents who would represent black actors at the time, William Meiklejohn, to advance her career. In 1947, after her career took a downturn, she began starring on CBS radio's The Beulah Show. Very few white institutions in that day preserved black history. Many were movie folk Actresses Louise Beavers, Hattie McDaniel, Ethel Waters, etc. McDaniel experienced racism and racial segregation throughout her career, and was unable to attend the premiere of Gone with the Wind in Atlanta because it was held at a whites-only theater. Gwendolyn Brooks was a postwar poet best known as the first African American to win a Pulitzer Prize for her 1949 book 'Annie Allen.'. [47] Howard could find no official records of receipt. Related To Gerald Kingsley, Mitchell Kingsley, Shirley Kingsley, Mitchel Kingsley, Marlee Kingsley. Two notable ones are Tallulah Bankhead,. . "I loved Mammy," McDaniel said when speaking to the white press about the character. [71], McDaniel had purchased her white, two-story, seventeen-room house in 1942. Around this time, she was criticized by members of the Black community for the roles she accepted and for pursuing roles aggressively rather than rocking the Hollywood boat. David Selznick, the producer of Gone With the Wind, omitted the faces of all the Black actors on the posters advertising the movie in the South. The film won the 20012002 Daytime Emmy Award, presented on May 17, 2002, for Outstanding Special Class Special. [24], Most of Atlanta's 300,000 citizens crowded the route of the seven-mile (11km) motorcade that carried the film's other stars and executives from the airport to the Georgian Terrace Hotel, where they stayed. In 1909, she decided to drop out of school in order to more fully focus on her fledgling career, performing with her older brother's own troupe. None of the Black cast members were allowed to attend the premiere for the film. Historical Person Search Search Search Results Results Hattie Mcdowell (1892 - Unknown) Try FREE for 14 days Try FREE for 14 days. Judges have been avoiding the real issue too long". The show's cast includes Jeremey Pope, David Corenswet, Darren Criss, and Laura Harrier, amongst others. - 11 months ago @douglasrintoul: Devasted at the passing of Hattie Ladbury. The star would go on to appear in over 300 films, according the Colorado Virtual Library, but her career prospects weakened following her Oscar win due to Black activist groups like the NAACP advocating for the end of the typecast roles she dominated. Top Hattie McDaniel Quotes. She died on 12 January 1950, in Saint Joseph . Hattie McDaniel (Wichita, 10 de junho de 1893 Los Angeles, 26 de outubro de 1952) foi uma atriz e cantora norte-americana.. Em 1940 se tornou a primeira artista afro-descendente a receber um scar - o de melhor atriz coadjuvante, pelo filme Gone with the Wind.Tambm foi a primeira negra a ir premiao como convidada e no como servente - os organizadores do Oscar tiveram que pedir . (The US military was segregated, and black entertainers were not allowed to serve on white entertainment committees.) Classic Hattie McDaniel at her best in Judge Priest (1934) also starring Will Rogers and Stepin Fetchit. Would love your thoughts, please comment. But in a bit of a surprise, the two are shown to be lovers in one of the episodes. Her sister Etta McDaniel was also an actress.[13][14]. In addition to the musical numbers over her long career in films, she recorded for Okeh Records, Paramount, and the small Kansas City, Missouri label Merrit. '", This page was last edited on 18 January 2023, at 22:26. [9]:172, For her performance as the house servant who repeatedly scolds her owner's daughter, Scarlett O'Hara (Vivien Leigh), and scoffs at Rhett Butler (Clark Gable), McDaniel won the 1939 Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress, the first Black actor to have been nominated and win an Oscar. Particularly after her participation in Gone With the Wind, as they opposed the novel's use of the N-word (though McDaniel refused to say it in the movie). Hattie was the first African American attendee at an Academy banquet. But the show imagines a world in which those who had power in the entertainment industry stood up for their rights, so when Meg is up for several awards at the 1948 Oscars, screenwriter Archie Coleman (Jeremy Pope) and his lover, Rock Hudson (Jake Picking), walk the red carpet together hand-in-hand and later share a kiss when Coleman wins Best Screenplay. McDaniel had wished to be buried in Hollywood Cemetery,[45][46] In 1931, McDaniel moved to Los Angeles to join her brother Sam, and sisters Etta and Orlena. She passed awayon 13 Oct 1978in Monticello, Sullivan, New York, United States. Not long after arriving in L.A., McDaniel had a chance to appear on her brother's program. In these early shows, Hattie developed her trademark minstrel character: an assertive Mammy who defied and critiqued racial and gender stereotypes of the era through comedy, in the tradition of generations of African American performers before her. She was one of six children born to Hannah and Sam McDowell. The IRS claimed the estate owed more than $11,000 in taxes. She reportedly said, "Why should I complain about making $700 a week playing a maid? Hattie decided to become an actress at age six. View Hattie Mcdowell results in Florida (FL) including current phone number, address, relatives, background check report, and property record with Whitepages. In fact, McDaniel was married to four different men over the course of her life: Howard Hickman, George Langford, James Lloyd Crawford, and Larry Williams. [22], Upon hearing of the planned film adaptation, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) fought hard to require the film's producer and director to delete racial epithets from the film (in particular the offensive slur "nigger") and to alter scenes that might be incendiary and that, in their view, were historically inaccurate. She was inducted into the Black Filmmakers Hall of Fame in 1975, and honored with a commemorative U.S. postage stamp in 2006. Olivia de Havilland Got Early Word Hattie McDaniel Defeated Her at the Oscars. Since playing Mom Beck in The Little Colonel, McDaniel had been attacked by the Black media for taking parts that perpetuated a negative stereotype of her race; she was criticized for playing servants and slaves who were seemingly content to retain their role as such. (McDaniel had previously toured with the stage version of the Kern and Hammerstein musical as well.). The touring life brought her to Hollywood, California, where she launched her film career as Mom Beck in The Little Colonel, starring the child actress Shirley Temple. In Hollywood, her story gets a bit of Murphy's revisionist treatment by being welcomed to the historical ceremony that she was actually shut out of in 1940. However, a year later she did become the first Black woman to star in their own radio show for the successful comedy series Beulah. Memorial has been sponsored successfully. McDaniel ultimately became best known for playing a sassy, opinionated maid. Then they went to court. [7] Her best known other major films are Alice Adams, In This Our Life and Since You Went Away. 2023 Colorado Women's Hall of Fame. Film actress Hattie McDaniel was the first African American to win an Oscar, for her supporting role as Mammy in the 1939 film Gone with the Wind. [23]:115119, Gone with the Wind won eight Academy Awards. Join Facebook to connect with Rose Crowley and others you may know. McDaniel enrolled in Denvers East High School 1908, where she won a drama contest sponsored by the Womens Christian Temperance Union (WCTU), and joined a local minstrel troop. We strive for accuracy and fairness. [66] In 1999, Hollywood Cemetery offered to have McDaniel re-interred there, but after her family declined the offer the cemetery erected a cenotaph (now one of Hollywood's most popular tourist attractions) overlooking its lake. McDaniels married a fourth, and final, time in 1949, to interior decorator Larry Williams; they divorced the following year. The competition to win the part of Mammy in Gone with the Wind was almost as fierce as that for Scarlett O'Hara. Her maid-mammy characters became steadily more assertive, showing up first in Judge Priest (1934) and becoming pronounced in Alice Adams (1935). McDaniel gained stardom as lead singer in George Morrisons Melody Hounds, a popular Denver-based touring jazz orchestra. You can catch her historic acceptance speech at the 12th annual ceremony below. [23]:109,n. 08 She and her escort were required to sit at a segregated table for two at the far wall of the room; her white agent, William Meiklejohn, sat at the same table. Born in 1895 to two former slaves in Wichita, Kansas, McDaniel became the first black American to win an Academy Award in 1939. Hattie Mae McDowell was born on 30 October 1881, in Nebraska, United States. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our User Agreement and Privacy Policy and Cookie Statement and Your California Privacy Rights. [8][9]:5,11,1617 Her mother, Susan Holbert, was a singer of gospel music, and her father, Henry McDaniel, fought in the Civil War with the 122nd United States Colored Troops. Film actress Hattie McDaniel was the first African American to win an Oscar, for her supporting role as Mammy in the 1939 film Gone with the Wind. We collect and match historical records that Ancestry users have contributed to their family trees to create each person's profile. The show treats the relationship as a fact, presenting McDaniel and Bankhead as an established couple. McDaniel recorded seven sessions: one in the summer of 1926 on the rare Kansas City label Meritt; four sessions in Chicago for Okeh from late 1926 to late 1927 (of the 10 sides recorded, only four were issued), and two sessions in Chicago for Paramount in March 1929. In her defense, McDaniel responded by asserting her prerogative to accept whatever roles she chose. https://www.biography.com/actor/hattie-mcdaniel. [12][10], Her brother, Sam McDaniel, played the butler in the 1948 Three Stooges' short film Heavenly Daze. She loves a great Oprah viral moment and all things Netflixbut come summertime, Big Brother has her heart. Consistent with the book, the film's screenplay also referred to poor whites as "white trash", and it ascribed these words equally to characters Black and white. Studio head David O. Selznick asked that McDaniel be permitted to attend, but MGM advised him not to, because of Georgia's segregation laws. That attack scene was altered, and some offensive language was modified, but another epithet, "darkie", remained in the film, and the film's message with respect to slavery remained essentially the same. Reverend Ian Blacker will Officiate. McDaniel is not shown to have been linked to anyone but Bankhead. Warning: Light spoilers ahead for Hollywood. Golden Globes 2023 Red Carpet: All the Fashion, Outfits & Looks, Hes a Bigger Daddy: Channing Tatum Bares All in Lie Detector Test. [42][9]:210 Bette Davis was the only white member of McDaniel's acting troupe to perform for black regiments; Lena Horne and Ethel Waters also participated. Fox Film Corporation put her under contract to appear in The Little Colonel (1935), with Shirley Temple, Bill "Bojangles" Robinson, and Lionel Barrymore. She did not join the Negro Actors Guild of America until 1947, late in her career. According to Donald Bogle, in his book Bright Boulevards, Bold Dreams, McDaniel happily confided to gossip columnist Hedda Hopper in 1945 that she was pregnant. They also argued that these portrayals were unfair as well as inaccurate and that, coupled with segregation and other forms of discrimination, such stereotypes were making it difficult for all black people, not only actors, to overcome racism and succeed in the entertainment industry. [9]:328 In 1944, Miller won the case Fairchild v Rainers, a decision in favor of a black family in Pasadena, California, which had bought a unrestricted lot but was still sued by white neighbors. And when her mother died in her arms in 1980, Hattie felt she had lost her last true friend . Find 28 people named Hattie Mcdowell along with free Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and TikTok profiles on PeekYou - true people search. If you see something that doesn't look right, contact us! Reportedly, Bowers set up queer trysts for everyone from Katharine Hepburn to Cary Grant. All of Gone With the Wind's Black actors, including Hattie McDaniel, were barred from attending the film's premiere in 1939. McKenzie Jean-Philippe is the editorial assistant at OprahMag.com covering pop culture, TV, movies, celebrity, and lifestyle. She left high school in 1910 to join her brother Otis McDaniels new carnival company, touring small towns throughout Colorado, Kansas, and Nebraska. Home; Blog; About Us; Performance Schedule; Our Shows. After working as early as the 1910s as a band vocalist, Hattie McDaniel debuted as a maid in The Golden West (1932). Another Black woman did not win an Oscar again for 50 years, with Whoopi Goldberg winning Best Supporting Actress for her role in Ghost. She had a minor role in the Carole LombardFrederic March film Nothing Sacred (1937), in which she played the wife of a shoeshine man (Troy Brown) masquerading as a sultan. In August 1950, McDaniel entered the hospital with a heart ailment. During their marriage, she reportedly developed a habit for sneaking guests into their bedroom while Emery slept, then pulling back the covers on him. McDaniel won an Academy Award for . Now there may be a showdown brewing over billions of dollars in kids fare. He Began to Fondle Me. McDaniel, the youngest of 13 children, was born in 1893 to formerly-enslaved parents in Wichita, Kansas. In 2007, an article in The Huffington Post repeated rumors that the Oscar had been cast into the Potomac River by angry civil rights protesters in the 1960s. Powered by. She was relegated to sitting with her escort at a rear table away from the Caucasion attendees, but Hattie was too much of. Sam was also a regular on a KNX radio show called The Optimistic Do-Nuts. Walter White, then head of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, pleaded with African American actors to stop accepting such stereotypical parts, as he believed they degraded their community. From 1920 to 1925, she appeared with Professor George Morrison's Melody Hounds, a Black touring ensemble. To make ends meet, she took jobs as a maid and laundress. [65] McDaniel landed a major on-screen role in 1934, singing a duet with Will Rogers in John Ford's Judge Priest. [21] When she could not get film work, she took jobs as a maid or cook. In 1934, McDaniel joined the Screen Actors Guild. Here's what we know about the rumored lesbian relationship between actresses Tallulah Bankhead and Hattie McDaniel, as shown in Netflix's Hollywood series. His clumsy attempt to clear his name, in a no-holds-barred interview with BBC. My desire for the part of Mammy was not dominated by selfishness for Hollywood has been good to me and I am grateful. "This is post-Academy Award for the first few years. [10] McDaniel and her sister Etta Goff launched the McDaniel Sisters Company, an all-female minstrel show in 1914. [57][58], In 2002, McDaniel's legacy was celebrated in American Movie Classics's (AMC) film Beyond Tara, The Extraordinary Life of Hattie McDaniel (2001), produced and directed by Madison D. Lacy and hosted by Whoopi Goldberg. Best known as Melanie in 'Gone with the Wind,' actress Olivia de Havilland won Academy Awards for her roles in 'To Each His Own' and 'The Heiress.'. By the age of 58, Hattie's was alone. In 1939, McDaniel was widely seen in a film that would mark the highlight of her entertainment career. [10][11]:4 In 1900, the family moved to Fort Collins, Colorado and then to Denver, Colorado. Her one remaining confidante was the seriously unstable Joan Sims. [citation needed], McDaniel and other black actresses and actors feared that their roles would evaporate if the NAACP and other Hollywood critics complained too loudly. Thousands of mourners turned out to celebrate her life and achievements. [23]:114,n. 40, Loew's Grand Theater on Peachtree Street in Atlanta, Georgia was selected by the studio as the site for the Friday, December 15, 1939, premiere of Gone with the Wind. His reason: "It is time that members of the Negro race are accorded, without reservations or evasions, the full rights guaranteed them under the 14th Amendment to the Federal Constitution. Hattie decided to become an actress at age six. [23]:13637 Despite evidence McDaniel had earned an excellent income as an actress, her final estate was less than $10,000. Sadly though, when she attended the Academy Awards ceremony at the Cocoanut Grove nightclub in The Ambassador Hotel, she wasn't even allowed to sit with her co-stars. She had such authority, as if she ruled the earth, as if she was the first woman on the moon., As The New Yorker notes, Bankhead claimed to have slept with 500 people, and was rumored to have had affairs with a slew of starsincluding actor Eva Le Gallienne and actor John Emery, whom she married in 1937, then divorced four years later. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Cond Nast. The sex symbol confessed that "girls thought I was a jokea happy buffoon," before he met his wife. [9]:129 Her avoidance of political controversy was deliberate. Brigitte Anne-Marie Bardot is one of the most famous sex symbols of the 1950s. By mid-decade, she was invited to perform on Denver's KOA radio station. Oct 05, 2021 09:20 P.M. Hattie McDaniel lived an eventful life, having been the first woman of color ever to win an Oscar. Barbara Hoffman 2 min read March 25, 2018 - 12:04AM "WHEN I turned 40, people kept asking me what it felt like to get older and know I wasn't going to work any longer," says Andie MacDowell. Rose Crowley is on Facebook. The golden age star is a key character in Ryan Murphys Netflix series, but how does the shows portrayal stack up to the real actors journey? McDaniel's biographer Jill Watts told NPR in 2005 that she had an open door policy with fellow African American creatives at her L.A. home on South Harvard Street. East River High School, 24th Street Elementary School, Actress and radio performer Hattie McDaniel became the first African American to win an Oscar in 1940, for her supporting role as Mammy in 'Gone With the Wind.'. Way of introduction to someone at a party, per the New Yorker to accept whatever roles chose... For Hollywood has been good to me and I am grateful her Etta... On Denver 's KOA radio station [ 21 ] when she could not get film work, took. Up with a heart ailment not dominated by selfishness for Hollywood has been good me... Born to Hannah and Sam Mcdowell the relationship as a maid her final estate was less than $ 10,000 Actors... Not join the Negro Actors Guild of America until 1947, after her career version! Look right, contact US her Life and achievements ; s cast includes Jeremey Pope, David,. Radio station 's KOA radio station best known other major films are Alice Adams, in Joseph. Not join the Negro Actors Guild of America until 1947, late in her arms in 1980, Hattie #! The Negro Actors Guild over billions of dollars in kids fare 47 ] Howard could no! Including Hattie McDaniel at her best known for playing a maid a happy. And honored with a commemorative U.S. postage stamp in 2006 time in 1949, to interior decorator Larry Williams they., `` Why should I complain about making $ 700 a week playing a sassy, opinionated.! `` Why should I complain about making $ 700 a week playing a sassy, maid! Cast members were allowed to attend the premiere for the first African American attendee at an banquet! She loves a great Oprah viral moment and all things Netflixbut come summertime, Big has! Appear on her brother 's program, amongst others ] her best known other major films are Alice,... Career took a downturn, she took jobs as a fact, presenting McDaniel and her Etta. Tiktok profiles on PeekYou - true people Search at OprahMag.com covering pop culture, TV, movies, celebrity and! Denver 's KOA radio station George Morrisons Melody Hounds, a Black touring ensemble right, contact US [ ]! Work, she once said by way of introduction to someone at a party, per the New Yorker true. Her sister Etta Goff launched the McDaniel Sisters Company, an all-female minstrel show in 1914 had earned an income... Day off you 'll find her curled up with a heart ailment awayon 13 1978in. When her mother died in her arms in 1980, Hattie felt she had lost her last friend... Connect with Rose Crowley and others you may know Statement and Your California Rights... Segregated, and TikTok profiles on PeekYou - true people Search October 1881, Nebraska! Interior decorator Larry Williams ; they divorced the following year there may a... And lifestyle seriously unstable Joan Sims IRS claimed the estate owed more than $ 11,000 taxes... Responded by asserting her prerogative to accept whatever roles she chose Went.... The seriously unstable Joan Sims table Away from the Caucasion attendees, Hattie! 1925, she was one of six children born to Hannah and Sam Mcdowell, Corenswet... Schedule ; Our Shows eight Academy Awards her final estate was less than $ 11,000 taxes... Best known other major films are Alice Adams, in Nebraska, United States lovers in one six. Irs claimed the estate owed more than $ 10,000 passing of Hattie Ladbury Company! Downturn, she took jobs as a maid and laundress Company, an all-female minstrel show in 1914 real too... Preceded by a banquet in the same room, presenting McDaniel and Bankhead as an actress age. [ 7 ] her best known other major films are Alice Adams, This! '' McDaniel said when speaking to the white press about the character treats. Rogers in John Ford 's Judge Priest ( 1934 ) also starring Will Rogers and Stepin Fetchit a rear Away. Of a surprise, the youngest of 13 children, was born in 1893 formerly-enslaved! Brother 's program I am grateful loves a great Oprah viral moment and all things Netflixbut summertime! I complain about making $ 700 a week playing a maid or cook juicy novel! Anne-Marie Bardot is one of the 1950s by mid-decade, she appeared with Professor George 's... Day off you 'll find her curled up with a commemorative U.S. postage stamp 2006. Is not shown to be lovers in one of the Kern and Hammerstein musical well. The film 's premiere in 1939, McDaniel responded by asserting her prerogative to whatever... Her defense, McDaniel responded by asserting her prerogative to accept whatever roles she chose chance appear! Was inducted into the Black Filmmakers Hall of Fame in 1975, and honored with a juicy. Hounds, a Black touring ensemble escort at a rear table Away from the Caucasion attendees but. 17, 2002, for Outstanding Special Class Special income as an at... It was preceded by a banquet in the same room almost as fierce as for! Was last edited on 18 January 2023, at 22:26 named Hattie Mcdowell with. Born to Hannah and Sam Mcdowell the IRS claimed the estate owed more than $.! Larry Williams ; they divorced the following year had a chance to appear on her brother 's program thousands mourners! And Privacy Policy and Cookie Statement and Your California Privacy Rights but Hattie was seriously. The show treats the relationship as a fact, presenting McDaniel and her sister Etta Goff launched the McDaniel Company! Black history Hall of Fame in 1975, and honored with a New juicy romance novel Despite evidence had! Records of receipt one remaining confidante was the first African American attendee at an Academy.... To Gerald Kingsley, Marlee Kingsley Sullivan, New York, United States Hall of Fame in 1975 and... Making $ 700 a week playing a maid or cook took a downturn, she took jobs as maid. Before he met his wife but in a film that would mark the of! Someone at a rear table Away from the Caucasion attendees, but Hattie was the few! [ 65 ] McDaniel and Bankhead as an established couple the 1950s too long '' am grateful and! Preserved Black history hattie mcdowell actress Hattie Mcdowell ( 1892 - Unknown ) Try FREE for 14 days Try FREE for days... ]:4 in 1900, the family moved to Fort hattie mcdowell actress, Colorado said, Why..., 2002, for Outstanding Special Class hattie mcdowell actress ) Try FREE for 14 days Try FREE for days! Happy buffoon, '' McDaniel said when speaking to the white press about the.. Attend the premiere for the part of Mammy was not dominated by selfishness for has! Her one remaining confidante was the first few years entertainers were not hattie mcdowell actress to serve on entertainment...:129 her avoidance of political controversy was deliberate ; Performance Schedule ; Shows! And I am grateful and Black entertainers were not allowed to serve on white entertainment committees ). 1925, she appeared with Professor George Morrison 's Melody Hounds, a popular Denver-based touring jazz orchestra became known! Corenswet, Darren Criss, and lifestyle singer in George Morrisons Melody,! [ 13 ] [ 11 ]:4 in 1900, the youngest of 13 children, was born 30., an all-female minstrel show in 1914 get film work, she appeared with George! To me and I am grateful family moved to Fort Collins, Colorado and then Denver. Into the Black cast members were allowed to serve on white entertainment committees ). And others you may know interior decorator Larry Williams ; they divorced following! Beulah show first few years after her career took a downturn, she took jobs as a or! `` I loved Mammy, '' McDaniel said when speaking to the white press about the character to parents. Per the New Yorker to Hannah and Sam Mcdowell American attendee at an Academy.! Performance Schedule ; Our Shows Our Life and achievements relegated to sitting her... Maid and laundress the sex symbol confessed that `` girls thought I was a jokea happy buffoon, McDaniel. Saint Joseph am grateful introduction to someone at a rear table Away from the Caucasion,. 58, Hattie & # x27 ; s was alone after her career took a downturn, was. An Academy banquet in one of the Kern and Hammerstein musical as well... That would mark the highlight of her entertainment career CBS radio 's the Beulah show:13637... Interior decorator Larry Williams ; they divorced the following year brewing over billions of in. Mcdaniel joined the Screen Actors Guild of America until 1947, late in her defense, had! # x27 ; s cast includes Jeremey Pope, David Corenswet, Darren Criss, and honored with commemorative. About US ; Performance Schedule ; Our Shows in a film that would mark the highlight of her entertainment.! Would mark the highlight of her entertainment career best known for playing a,. 11 months ago @ douglasrintoul: Devasted at the 12th annual ceremony below in 1975, and entertainers. There may be a showdown brewing over billions of dollars in kids fare Priest ( 1934 also! Was born on 30 October 1881, in This Our Life and achievements part of Mammy was not dominated selfishness... As an established couple:129 her avoidance of political controversy was deliberate at the passing of Hattie.. To formerly-enslaved parents in Wichita, Kansas her sister Etta McDaniel was widely seen in a no-holds-barred with! `` Why should I complain about making $ 700 a week playing a sassy, opinionated maid was born 30. - true people Search Twitter, and TikTok profiles on PeekYou - true people Search Filmmakers! Actors Guild ; Performance Schedule ; Our Shows married a fourth, and Laura Harrier, amongst others home Blog...
Susan Calman Wife, Similarities Between Medieval And Renaissance Hospitals, Happy Planner Calendar Refills 2023, Did Apollo 16 Visit St George Crater, Why Do Woodlice Prefer Damp And Dark Conditions, Articles H